Hum -102 - Week 1 - Humanities Today Paper - 871 Words

Introduction Humanities allows us to look at the past, the past will allow us to see what our future holds. This paper will examine how the study of humanities is differentiated between other modes of expression. The paper will also review examples of art, music, architecture, philosophy, literature and film that reflect current socio-economics, technology and politics. Humanities Defined The study of humanity provides insight into how humans have developed culturally. The insight that art, literature and music can provide allows us to understand the influence that it provided in the development of our future, or our today. This awareness gives us the opportunity to see how important facts and events have influenced others.†¦show more content†¦Specifically â€Å"Gangsta rap represents part of a larger focus on hip hop and politics that is popular within the media and among scholarly research and the prominence of gangsta rap in the late 1980s and early 1990s prompted the association between hip hop and violence that contemporary social scientists theorize† (Gilliam, 2007). Architecture There are several different methods within modernism style of architecture. The modernist style looks for function rather than trying to reproduce the natural environment. There are several forms within the modernism style they include: structuralism, formalism, Bauhaus, the international style, brutalism, and minimalism. The features of modernism includes the fact there is little embellishment or decoration, man made supplies are used (metal and concrete). Architects in the 20th century include I.M. Pei. Philosophy Philosophy is defined as a â€Å"comprehensive system of ideas about human nature and the nature of the reality we live in and is a guide for living, because the issues it addresses are basic and pervasive, determining the course we take in life and how we treat other people† (Thomas, 2005). Major philosophers of the 20th century include Carl Jung, Albert Camus, and Bertrand Russell. Literature Literature provides readers a written composition comprised of current or previous cultural issues. According to the Department ofShow MoreRelatedpreschool Essay46149 Words   |  185 PagesInformation Copies of this publication are available for sale from the California Department of Education. For prices and ordering information, please visit the Department Web site at http://www.cde.ca.gov/ re/pn or call the CDE Press Sales Office at 1-800-995-4099. An illustrated Educational Resource Catalog describing publications, videos, and other instructional media available from the Department can be obtained without charge by writing to the CDE Press Sales Office, California Department ofRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesCameron.—8th ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-13-612100-8 1. Management—-Study and teaching. 2. Management—Problems, exercises, etc. Kim S. II. Title. HD30.4.W46 2011 658.40071 173—dc22 I. Cameron, 2009040522 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 ISBN 10: 0-13-612100-4 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-612100-8 B R I E F TA B L E O F C O N T E N T S Preface xvii Introduction 1 PART I 1 2 3 PERSONAL SKILLS 44 Developing Self-Awareness 45 Managing Personal Stress 105 Solving

Compare the Two Articles on Henri Paul - 1387 Words

Compare the articles on Henri Paul: Which one do you think is most persuasive? Diana, princess of Wales died on 30th August 1997. She died in a car crash In a Paris tunnel. At the time she had divorced Prince Charles who was the father or her two children, (Prince William and Harry), and was in a relationship with Dodi Alfayed. This story was reported worldwide. In the article from the Mirror, they give a biased picture of what Henri Paul Is like. They say he Is a â€Å"speed freak† and â€Å"bike nut, could down nine whiskies in a night†. This suggests that he is a heavy drinker and that he is always speeding. The words Speed freak displays assonance, which makes a bigger Impact on the reader. â€Å"Speed† has several connotations: It Is a drug; It Is†¦show more content†¦The MIrror also uses more colourful language and allIteratIons, â€Å"BIke nut could down nIne whIskIes a nIght†. They use adjectIval tags such as â€Å"formIdable boozer† and â€Å"party-lovIng Paul†: However In The GuardIan, they use less sensatIonalIsm and less strong words or negatIve expressIons. They at least try to sound authentIc wIth French phrases, places and names. In the TabloId newspaper artIcle, they quote from an EnglIsh bar owner sItuated In ParIs. Mark WIllIamson saId that HenrI Paul â€Å"looked a bIt lIke a well-pIssed Groucho Marx†. ThIs man appeals to the people that read The MIrror because he talks just lIke the typIcal readers. It Is also good that he Is EnglIsh as the readers of The MIrror tend to be more patrIotIc than readers of The GuardIan. ConsIderIng they claIm HenrI Paul vIsIted â€Å"numerous bars† In France It should be questIoned why an EnglIsh bar owner has been quoted. Frankly, many workIng class EnglIsh dIslIke the French, It seems plausIble that an EnglIshman wIll gIve the response that theIr readershIp wIll want. A quote In The GuardIan Is from Marcel DouzIer, a French man who had known Paul sInce hIs school days. He saId â€Å"Paul was a really calm and sensIble type†. As he was someone who had known Paul for a long tIme, hIs quote seems to be a bIt more relIable than someone who saw Paul, but h ad never really had an In depth conversatIon wIth hIm. However, can a â€Å"lIfelong† frIend beShow MoreRelatedTheories of Organizational Behavior10512 Words   |  43 Pagesindustries. Concepts of meso - primarily interested in power, culture, and the networks of individuals and units in organizations and field level analysis which study how whole populations of organizations interact has also been added to these two. . Modern organizational studies attempt to understand and model all such factors that come in play when an organization zooms in existence and continues being in functioning. 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Nestlà © India Limited is the Indian arm of Nestlà ©Read MoreLangston Hughes Research Paper25309 Words   |  102 Pagesfavorite poet was Paul Laurence Dunbar, who wrote formal poetry, but became famous for poems written in black dialect. Langston also read the Bible. His favorite novels were Harriet Beecher Stowes Uncle Toms Cabin, Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Zane Greys, Riders of the Purple Sage, Harold Bell Wrights The Shepherd of the Hills, Edna Ferbers Cimarron, Gene Stratton Porters Freckles, and Florence L. Barclays The Mistress of Shenstone. Langston admired poet Paul Laurence DunbarRead MoreCosmetic Industry Analysis28098 Words   |  113 Pagesworth less than the mortgage price (Ryan, 2009). As compare to 2006, sales volumes of new homes were declined by 26.4% in 2007 of the excess supply (Victor, Sonal, Sreekanth et al., 2009). During March 2008, an estimated 8.8 million of US homeowners were believed that had the negative equity. Instead of paying high interest rate which unaffordable, many people choose to just go off. [pic] (Sources: http://www.globalissues.org/article/768/global-financial crisis#ThefinancialcrisisandwealthycountriesRead MoreEssay on Sexuality/Textuality in Tristram Shandy8792 Words   |  36 Pageswrong (p. 102). The sermons epistemology is firmly grounded in the existence of both God and a set of eternal verities, and the dictates of both can be determined by examining the revealed word of the Bible or the internal voice of reason; the two are compatible. Such an epistemology assumes the stability of language. Even if word and thing are not identical, they are intrinsically linked, revealing a unity of signifier and signified.2 Language, whether in the form of the interior speechRead Moremkt311 tb chap922235 Words   |  89 Pagesfollowed in order without omitting any steps.      True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False    4. 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The Impact of Social Networking Free Essays

Since the new millennium occurred, social networking sites have been popping up everywhere, from Friendster, to MySpace, to Facebook. Setting apart the old way of communicating, by telephone, letters, and in person is having a negative impact on us. People young and old have found themselves addicted to well, basically themselves. We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of Social Networking or any similar topic only for you Order Now People post pictures of themselves, update their status constantly and write blogs hoping someone else will credit it. With all of that said, these social networking sites seem to be causing more bad than good. Teenagers are a vast majority of those using these sites. Do social networking sites hurt teenagers? People of all ages use social networking sites to keep in touch with friends and family. Not everyone can see someone on an everyday basis, nor call them every day. Being able to talk to people in your life all at one time is a great idea. Meeting new people is an advantage also. Finding those who have the same qualities and hobbies as you can make an instant friendship. â€Å"Researchers say social-networking sites are shortening attention spans, encouraging instant gratification, and making young people more self-focused. (What Impact) By being on the internet so often teenagers are accustomed to caring more about themselves than anything else. â€Å"A large majority of teens (71%) have established online profiles† (Teen Internet). If 71% of teenagers have an online profile, and researchers say it is shorting their attention spans, what is that to say about our future? Social networking sites are more about me me me than keeping in contact, as if the whole thing was just a popularity contest. This constant attention battle takes a toll on the brain, â€Å"A British neurologist warns that extended use of the sites actually rewires the brain, causing teenagers to require constant reassurance that they exist† (What Impact). Thus why they check and update their profiles multiple times a day. Social networks in a way make it seem like your living in a small town or village, where everyone around you knows every aspect of your life. But because we purposely want that, it is making us more concerned with ourselves. Most of these people teenagers talk to in the irst place are people they see almost every day at school, work, and etc. Even if they conversed with someone during the day, they still continue to talk to them on the internet. Being able to keep in contact with friends and family is very important. Right now in our time people use the internet all of the time to talk to friends and family â€Å"The current generation is never unconnected. They’re never losing touch with their friends† (Thompson). With the fast pace life style teenagers and young adults face, the internet is an ideal way to keep up to date with all the things happening around you. Especially for college students does this come in handy, being able to contact someone with the click of a button, while also writing a paper or doing homework. Multi tasking plays a large role in the success rate of social networks. While on the telephone with on person, it can be hard to focus on doing something else but when you are on the computer you can talk to multiple people at once while still doing other activities. Socal networks can also help you to find people you have not seen in years. They have search engines within, so finding an old class mate or an old friend from your kindergarten class is not a problem. How to cite The Impact of Social Networking, Essay examples

Music Business Essay Summary Example For Students

Music Business Essay Summary Music Business Exam Number OneQuestion 1. The music publishing industry at a glance would seem to be those who print sheet music, method books, lead sheets, and all of the texts or notated music that musicians (and those aspiring to be musicians) use. Years ago, this was what most music publishers did, but as the industry has evolved the process that become much more complex. Music is not just ink and paper, intellectual material and property to the individual who writes it. Therefore the song does not become â€Å"a song† when it is written down. This is not an easy concept to grasp because the song by itself has no physical makeup. A song could exist once it is played for the first time, and songs can even exist inside the mind of a songwriter. This concept is why the publishing business can be so complex; we are dealing with intellectual property. The heart of the music publishing business lies in the rights to the original music. After the music is successful enough to financially support itself the music is printed in mass quantities in a variety of ways. This could be everything from guitar tabs to choral arrangements for a junior high choir. The publisher’s main source of income is through record royalties, performance royalties received from companies like the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP), Broadcast Music Incorporated (BMI), and the Society of European Stage Authors and Composers (SESAC) for performances of music copyrighted by the publisher. These royalties could be from many different types of performances but most are though radio and songs on television. The success of a songwriter lies in the greatly in the hands of his/her publisher. Normally we hear of a band’s success when they are â€Å"signed† with a record deal, but most record companies not only produce and promote an album, they also act as the publisher who, when contracted, owns the rights to the music. When a publisher own the song it is put in to their catalog. Merchandise retailers have catalogs of their goods just like publishers have a catalog of songs that they own rights to. Publishing firms such as Warner/Chappell, BMG Music, MCA Music, and Sony music have catalogs of many styles of music. These companies are referred to as â€Å"full-line companies.† A broad repertoire allows them to market their music to many audiences. Most of these full-line company’s roots can be traced back to the music of Hollywood and the show music of Broadway. Publishers today may have thousands of songwriters in its catalog including all styles of music from around the globe. Representative Warner/Chappell owns, administers, or sub-publishes more that a million copyrights here and abroad. Today’s full-line publishers have many different divisions to their company. Large publishers handle virtually every aspect of a writer’s music, it’s recordings, distribution, sales, promotion, advertising, touring, and legal affairs. This figure lays out all the divisions a full-line publisher may have. The administration division is the division that handles the operations of the firm. All business affairs go through administration. When money is received from or paid to customers the firm the accounting divisions keeps all the financial records of these kinds of operations. The accounting division also would handle loans given to artist that are signed to the firm under the publisher’s record label. When a band records an album under a label they become a liability to the label because money has to be spent to record, produce and promote a artists music. Full-line publisher’s front this money and all profits from the artist come back and are split 50-50 with the publisher and the writer. If the artist maintains the rights to their songs the record contract will include a controlled composition clause that calls for a reduced mechanical royalty paid to the artist by the record label. This clause may reduce the royalty split to 75-25, the larger portion going to the re cord label. This clause would not be insisted to artists who place the full rights to works in the hands of the record company’s publisher. The artist remains a liability to the publisher as long as the artist has not made as much money as was invested into them by the publisher. An accountant usually handles the royalty department, which is money received from performances of the copyrighted music. This financial person will also handle normal operations such as payroll, accounts payable/receivable, insurance, purchasing and other financial operations. The copyright department may have one or more people in this division. This department is responsible for a number of tasks. Some of these important tasks are to:1. Conduct a title search. The copyright department first determines who owns the work. Just because an artist claims to have written a song does not give him rights to it. This may be a complicated process, which is why many publishers stay away from music that is se nt blindly to them for review. Legal disputes between the publisher and the writer could result and end up in court, which can be a long and costly process. Other issues that add to the complication are co-authors to the music, previous publishers, revision to music or lyrics, and many more. When the copyright department has performed this research, a copyright attorney can answer remaining questions. Depending on the demand of this type of attorney to the firm, the firm may hire one full time for these affairs. 2. Registering claims of copyright. This is done to make the copyright official, which may cost about twenty dollars for a song. 3. Handle the mechanical, and synchronization licenses of the music. Mechanical licenses are issued to artists for the recording of a copyrighted work. Synchronization licenses are issued for the use of copyrighted works in firms. This may be done through the Harry Fox agency, or may be handled through the copyright department. 4. Keeping current records of all copyrights owned by the publisher. This includes the renewal, extensions, sales, or abandonment of existing copyrights. Copyrights do have a time limit, so the need to watch where they stand in time is important to the life of the work. There may be a specific department for business affairs that deal with the legal operations of the firm. The publisher may have staffed lawyers and attorneys in this department that study the copyright laws and take legal action for the breaking of copyright laws, or the negotiating of new laws. If the publisher does not have the demand for a full time lawyer or attorney, they may be hired from outside firms. The acquisitions division is responsible for contracting writers and purchasing other catalogs. A representative from the publisher may travel the country to find artists that would bring more business to the firm. Like â€Å"scouts† this person is in charge of artists and repertoire (A R). The A R representative may attend a major event by an artist to see them perform and evaluate whether they would be profitable for the firm. Remember that the publisher splits all profits 50-50; millions of dollars may be at stake at the success of one artist. The acquisitions department is responsible for the purchasing of catalogs of smaller firms. This makes the music publishing industry and oligopoly; an industry controlled by a few large firms. The print publishing division is responsible for task such as editing, engraving, artwork, copying, and the printing of its catalogs music. The signed artists may meet with the editors, and arrangers in this department to prepare the music for printing in a number of different ways. The music would simply be transcribed to a lead sheet, or an entire album could be published in a book with all the chords and guitar tabs for aspiring musicians to purchase. After the music is printed it is then distributed. The promotion division is often the largest of all the divisions in a full-line publishing company. The success of a work is held in the hand of the promotion of the artist and their music. Even artists that do not have outstanding talent or abilities, but have excellent promotion will have more fame than the talented unadvertised artist. The people incharge of these artists success are the producers, managers, and musical directors for not only the records they produce but also the performances they give. Producers in the recording studio deal with the quality of the music and how it sounds the its audience. The musical director may also be present to make decisions about the arranging of music during the recording project. The artist’s manager is responsible for the personal well being of the artist. The other departments involved in promotion are responsible for print ads, store displays for the album, direct mail to retailers and fans, and any other special events. After all the acquisions, administration, print production, and promotion divisions have performed their responsibilities, the distribution division takes control and begins to put this intellectual, funded, copyrighted, recorded, printed, promoted music into the hands of consumers. The distribution and sales division distributes the CD’s, tapes, sheet music, T-shirts, and other merchandise to wholesalers and retailers of the products. These vendors buy in large quantities at wholesale prices. Another distributor of sheet music known as a rack jobber deals with small quantities of music usually less that one hundred at a time. Other distribution may be done through direct mail, catalog and online sales. The final division of the full-line publisher is the subpublishers and licenses. Most publishers will contact different tasks to other publishers who may specialize in print or other services necessary to the artist but not provided by the primary publisher. The most common ser vice performed by subpublishers is printing. Companies like Hal Leonard, Inc. and Warner/Chappell are two of the largest print publishers. In these kind of contracts the printer acts as the licensee and bare the full cost of printing and distributing while the licensee pays the licensor a royalty on sales of up to twenty percent of the wholesale cost. In this situation the licensee acts as selling agent. Individual Retirement Accounts: Why Bother? EssayIn this subject we also include the fair use of copyrighted material. The law gives guidelines to what is considered fair use for this material. The act list the criteria for a fair use that includes:1. The purpose or character of the use, including whether such uses is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes. 2. The nature of the copyrighted work3. The amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole4. The effect of the use on the potential market for or value of the copyrighted workThere are exceptions to certain performances that are included in the fair use portion of the act. (1) The performance or display of a work by instructors or pupils in the course of face-to-face teaching activities of a nonprofit educational institution. (2) Performance of a nondramatic literary or musical work, display of work, by or in the course of transmission. These two uses allow students to study music for more that a hobby, but for a preparation for their careers upon graduation. This is a great resource for colleges to be able to teach and perform music and art for free as a fair use. Question 4. In the music industry there are three organizations that dominate the performance rights collection. These organizations are responsible for collecting royalties from clubs, concert halls, stadiums, bars, colleges, airlines, or any business or group that uses music to promote business for themselves. The money collected from these businesses is dispersed to publishing companies that split the profits with the songwriter. These performance rights organizations will take legal action against the venues that do not purchase the appropriate licenses for the uses of the copyrighted music. Some examples of licenses include mechanical, performance, special uses, synchronization and grand rights. The first performance rights organization established in 1914 is the American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers (ASCAP). ASCAP’s income is derived from the following places in the music industry:1. 20% to 25% from reciprocating foreign licensing organizations. 2. About half from television stations and networks3. Radio generates about 25%4. Annual fees are figured on a small percentage of the adjusted gross incomeMembership of ASCAP is comprised mostly of composers and lyricists of Broadway shows, movie musicals, and pop songs. To become a member of ASCAP you must have at least one song commercially recorded, available on rental, or performed in media licensed by the society. ASCAP has a board of twelve writers and twelve publishers. In weighting performances ASCAP takes into account the following: 1. The medium in which the performance takes place2. The weight of the station on which the performance is carried3. The weight of a television network4. The type of performanceThe organization pays its members on the basis of census and sample surveys of performances. These are usually done at random at places that have commercial airplay. The data is then figured on an average and royalties are paid based on the average. Broadcast Music Inc. is set up different from ASCAP in its financial structure. BMI is owned by stockholders. It’s board of directors consists of those who own shares in the company; several hundred people. The affiliates of BMI are songwriters from genres including jazz, rhythm and blues, country, rock, gospel and much more. Unlike ASCAP, BMI has no members, but has writer and publisher affiliates. BMI accepts those who have written a musical composition and have recorded or performed the work commercially. BMI pays higher for songs that originate in a Broadway show or feature film. As the song is play or performed more the copyright owners receive bonus payments of up to four times the minimum rate. BMI has many foreign writers and publishers in Europe and relays on income from overseas greatly. BMI does withhold 3.6% for servicing foreign accounts. BMI deals with most licenses, as does ASCAP. The Society of European Stage Authors and Composers (SESAC) is the third of the pe rformance rights organizations. SESAC is the smallest of the three organizations. They believe that by being a smaller organization they can meet the needs of their writers and publishers better then the bigger organizations. The other side to this is that it is much more costly to the copyright owner to join with SESAC. SESAC is the technological leader among these organizations. They have a state-of -the-art tracking system which allows them to accurately track the performance and recording of works by its owners. SESAC uses a chart payment system, which makes royalty payments based on chart positions in major trade publications. Unlike ASCAP they do not have a weighing system. The success of the song is based on how high up on the chart it is. ASCAP and BMI operate under court consent decrees; SESAC does not. Each of these organizations has their own strength, and all three are important to the industry. Question 5. Working musicians can become members of unions and guilds that are respected around the nation. There are many benefits to being apart of these organizations. At a glance one may not like the idea of paying yearly dues to a group of musicians, but the benefits can be immeasurable in the right parts of the country. The American Federation of Musicians (AFM) is a trade union. It is the oldest union in the United States representing musicians that are active in their professional career. Over the year this union has seen decease in numbers because of difficulty in attracting new young members and state and national laws restricting certain kinds of collective bargaining. The union dues can range from one to five percent of union scale wages earned by its members. These dues are used to finance activities all over the nation and locally. The Union provides these musicians with the proper treatment and paid work. Most symphonies are made up from union players. Other organizations include the American Guile of Variety Artists. The AGVA represents singers, dancers, comedians, ice skaters, jugglers, magicians, and others who perform live. The AGVA provides membership to all types of performers from the struggling to the world-famous. The AGVA will negotiate with the venues of its performers. The Screen Actors Guild is made up for actors, singers and even on-screen instrumentalists. All of these organizations are very specific to its members and who can join. A musician may have to be a part several unions or guilds to get the attention he need to succeed. Some of the benefits to being a part of a musicians union are laid out in a â€Å"Bill of Rights† fashion including how union musicians are to be paid:1. The right to enjoy a minimum wage, whether derived from live performance, royalties, or reuse, that is sufficient to provide a standard of support proportional to the entire investment of time and resources required to secure and perform said gainful employment. 2. The right to safe and healthy working conditions including protection from health threatening theatrical devices, demeaning and exploitive costumes or uniforms, excessive sound pressure levels, substandard travel arrangements, ingestion of second hand tobacco smoke, irrelevant recorded music before performances and during intermissions and the right to reasonable rest periods. 3. The right to equal employment opportunities based on musical qualifications and/or entertainment value regardless of race, ethnic background, age, gender, religion, cultural diversity or political affiliations. 4. The right to negotiate fairly on ones own behalf with universal recognition and legal enforcement of resulting contracts on agreed terms. 5. The right to ownership of all intellectual property rights as applied to compositions, performances, and recordings by all players and singers as well as leaders and publishers who are already protected. Minimum wage from gainful employment must be sufficie nt to pay all necessary costs for life, shelter, and health care in the proportion of 100% for 40 hours weekly invested and directly proportional for fewer hours. This investment of time includes, in addition to hours of actual live performance, those hours spent in practice, rehearsal, preparation, post-production and (when required by the employer) promotion of the event. In absolutely no instance shall this total work investment be compensated for less than federally mandated minimum wages. We can see that union protects and serves the musicians and gives them freedom to pursue their own careers in the performing arts. These organizations create stability for the pursuit of full-time jobs in many different areas of the arts, not only in music but also in the world of theatre and visual arts. Music Essays

Simple Proofreading Process with a Big Name Ratiocination - The Writers For Hire

SIMPLE PROOFREADING PROCESS WITH A BIG NAME: RATIOCINATION Thanks to Alise Isbell for contributing this wonderful post on a very interesting proofreading method. Youre bound to catch more errors if you do this! Ratiocination is a miracle that changed the way I write and edit. While not a professional writer, my company trains people how to write more effectively, and ratiocination helps. Webster’s Dictionary defines ratiocination as â€Å"the process of exact thinking† or â€Å"a reasoned train of thought.† Language is a vehicle, like a car. It has parts like suffixes, prefixes, words, phrases, sentences, paragraphs etc†¦ People can rearrange the parts to function differently. For example, we slow down the reader with longer words or more complicated verb tenses. We can also speed up the reader by doing the opposite. The key to effective writing is tinkering with the right parts of language to get the desired results. Why does ratiocination get results? When proofreading, the process isolates grammar concepts and allows the writer to assess the parts instead of the whole piece. Writers use basic grammar concepts with this process to improve the effectiveness and impact of their message. How it works: The simple version†¦ 1. Select any piece of writing. 2. Choose a set of grammar concepts and a symbol or color for each concept to highlight these in the writing. Ideally, the grammar concepts should be common errors. (Examples include: their, there and they’re or it’s and its). 3. Code the writing for each grammar concept. For example, mark all the â€Å"that† words with red. The word â€Å"that† is used as a pronoun, but often overused as a conjunction (which lengthens sentences unnecessarily.) Analysis: 1. Too many prepositions 2. Unnecessary â€Å"that† 3. Sentence too long 4. Passive voice 5. Too many big words Revision: Because of the client’s proposal instructions, we will start documenting when engineers examine problems. This documentation will help us establish if new employees need more training. Change the grammar concepts to fit the purpose, weaknesses or bad habits you want to fix. Your writing will look like a paint-by-numbers, but the dissection leads to clear, concise and streamlined prose. Once you have highlighted each of the grammar concepts, it sets them apart from the writing, making language easier to evaluate. Alise Isbell, Owner Write Wise Communications, LLC We drive achievement with effective communication! 488 W. 19th St., #359 Houston, TX 77008 www.writewisecommunications.com (713) 863-9140 direct/fax (713) 557-6112 cellular Follow me on Twitter: amisbell

Free Essays on Minimal Spanning Tree Uses

Minimal Spanning Tree Paper Minimal spanning trees are extremely useful in today’s workplace. Having multiple uses makes a minimal spanning tree an optimal choice in many situations where objects need to be connected with electricity, or a power source. One situation which comes to mind first in which a minimal spanning tree would be optimal would be if an old building was only wired for dial-up internet and the president of the company, who owned the building, wanted his employees to be current in new technology. The president decides to install DSL lines and networking lines in order to connect all his employees, so that they can share files. The engineer in charge of the project would need to use a minimal spanning tree to save the maximum amount of money in connecting computers in one building together with wires for networking and DSL lines. One would want to use a minimal spanning tree in order to find the most inexpensive way to wire all computers to one network. The vertices in the problem would be the computers because that is what we would want to wire to the network and DSL lines. The edges would be the wires connecting each of the computers inside the building. The graph would be weighted by the price of cables and the amount of money the man-power costs to install the cables into the wall and to cosmetically fix the wall after installation. By using the afore mentioned vertices, edges, and weights the engineer in charge of the project would use the least monetary funds possible, thus completing his task.... Free Essays on Minimal Spanning Tree Uses Free Essays on Minimal Spanning Tree Uses Minimal Spanning Tree Paper Minimal spanning trees are extremely useful in today’s workplace. Having multiple uses makes a minimal spanning tree an optimal choice in many situations where objects need to be connected with electricity, or a power source. One situation which comes to mind first in which a minimal spanning tree would be optimal would be if an old building was only wired for dial-up internet and the president of the company, who owned the building, wanted his employees to be current in new technology. The president decides to install DSL lines and networking lines in order to connect all his employees, so that they can share files. The engineer in charge of the project would need to use a minimal spanning tree to save the maximum amount of money in connecting computers in one building together with wires for networking and DSL lines. One would want to use a minimal spanning tree in order to find the most inexpensive way to wire all computers to one network. The vertices in the problem would be the computers because that is what we would want to wire to the network and DSL lines. The edges would be the wires connecting each of the computers inside the building. The graph would be weighted by the price of cables and the amount of money the man-power costs to install the cables into the wall and to cosmetically fix the wall after installation. By using the afore mentioned vertices, edges, and weights the engineer in charge of the project would use the least monetary funds possible, thus completing his task....

Data Warehousing and data mining Research Paper

Data Warehousing and data mining - Research Paper Example Moreover, the increased data redundancy is further exacerbating the situation and the conversion of data into information, information into knowledge and knowledge in to power is very slow. This redundant and dubious information resource is of no good for managers who have to take quick decisions. Managers require precise information that represents and accounts for every aspect of a business. It is the responsibility of a decision support system to answer any query related to information stored in the system and to generate some nontrivial information patterns. These patterns can impart the required business intelligence and can leverage certain decisions. Data Warehouse There is no consensus on the definition of a data warehouse. In simplest terms, a data warehouse is a set of multiple applications, concepts, methodologies, tool and techniques to gain some knowledge based on historical data that may come from multiple systems and sources to assist managers in decision-making proces s. Vercellis (2009) defines â€Å"A data warehouse is the foremost repository for the data available for developing business intelligence architectures and decision support systems.† However, it is not a comprehensive definition and Vercellis (2009) himself admits, â€Å"The term data warehousing indicates the whole set of interrelated activities involved in designing, implementing and using a data warehouse.† Characteristics of a Data Warehouse There are few important characteristics of a data warehouse. These characteristics define the efficiency and effectiveness of the system and determine its qualification being a data warehouse. Most important characteristic of a data warehouse is the strength of its repository, which depends on the availability of sufficient historical and current data. The exact amount of historical and current data is determined by the domain where the data warehouse is being deployed. Secondly, a data warehouse has to provide ad-hoc access to information sources. This means there are only fewer fixed SQL queries and most of the inferences and intelligence is gathered through dynamic, on-the-fly queries. A data warehouse employs several tools like data modeling, star schema, data mining etc. to ensure ad-hoc access to its resources. Thirdly, a data warehouse is designed for decision makers and knowledge workers. However, these people are not bond to be information technology experts. Because strategic decisions are more concerned with customer trends, behaviors and market forces knowledge workers are not interested in individual records of a customer, product or service rather these users require an all inclusive big picture that may help to make long term strategic decisions and short term operational decisions. How it is different? A data warehouse is essentially different from Online Transaction Process (OLTP) and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Customer Resource Management (CRM) systems. Because these systems are not designed and engineered for decision-making and knowledge discovery, they do not have huge historical data. Secondly, they record live transactions of the business and keep records of customers, products and services updated. On the contrary, a data warehouse does not record live trans

INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERINGS Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERINGS - Research Paper Example AVG is a world leader in software development, threat detection, threat detection and risk analysis. The company also invests in research and development and collaborates with leading universities in order to maintain its technology edge (Company Profile, 2012). The company is currently contemplating to issue an IPO (initial public offering) so that it can expand its global market. The company has two options as to which type of IPO the company should use. The company may decide to either use the traditional IPO or use the online auction. In this research essay, I will discuss the two types of IPO issues and look into lessons learned from the module one case. The traditional approach to getting capital has usually been the way to go for most companies seeking equity. However, with the advent of the internet and technology some start-ups are choosing to do online auction in an effort to seek capital. Both types of IPO have have their pro and cons. I will start by analyzing the traditi onal IPO method before embarking on online auction analysis. As I had earlier mentioned that, the traditional IPO method is the most common way of getting capital. The traditional method has some advantages and disadvantages. Regardless of the type of IPO used, the company issuing an IPO usually has several benefits. First, the company increases it capitalization, net worth, liquidity and prestige. However, the company has to abide by the rules and regulations of the SEC (Security and Exchange Commission) which is the body that oversees the registration of public companies in the U.S. Companies going public are required to disclose their financial statements to the public. This may negatively affect the company’s perception especially during the bear market and this may decrease a company’s stock price, lower its liquidity and capitalization. In order to have a successful IPO, a company needs to attract investors. Enough investors who will create large levels of capita lization that exceeds the amount that had been privately invested. In the traditional approach, companies conducting the IPO pitch to investors on investing in to their companies on road shows. These road shows usually target institutional investors. Institutional investors play a huge role in influencing small investor participation. Therefore, underwriting firms usually offer institutional investors discounted stock prices as what is termed as pre-IPO rates. The courtship of large institutions is crucial to the success of IPO offerings because it facilitates the participation of other investors in the market. In addition, it guarantees that the underwriting company gets a good stock price, which will determine the future value of the company as well as determine the capital collected. As far as the cost of going public are concerned, the traditional approach may at times prove to be costly. First, the company has to disclose financial and business information to potential investor s. The disclosure might be costly to the company considering that there is always competition in business. Therefore, the disclosure of such information may provide valuable information to the competitors. Second, the traditional method of issuing IPO may take anywhere from six months to two years. A lot of time and effort is put towards gathering the relevant information and putting things together. This distraction slows down the day-to-day operations of the company and engages the senior management in focusing

The Conflict Between the Client and the Building Contractor Research Paper

The Conflict Between the Client and the Building Contractor - Research Paper Example The completion date may be adjusted at the request of the client. In making such a request, however, the client has to give the contractor a twelve-week period to respond to the request. This condition may present either a challenge or advantage for the client, depending on the response obtained from the contractor. The pitfall that is evident in this scenario is; there is no assurance of the contractor being able to make such adjustments. In this particular project, the client desires to take ownership of the third and fifth floors before the indicated completion date. If the floors required were the initial ones, this proposition would seem likely. The client, however, seeks to occupy the middle and top-most floors. The challenge is as to how the building process will proceed once the client occupies these floors. To make it easier, the floors that would increase the feasibility of the proposition would be the bottom floors of the building. On the day scheduled for the building pro ject to commence, the contractors encounter a problem. The client has some materials blocking the main entrance to the site. According to the empowerment clause, the contractor can only issue instructions under his mandate. Going against this is an act indicating a breach of contract. The only way that it is possible for the contractor to order for these materials blocking the main entrance to the site is by consulting the Architect/ Contract Administrator (A/CA). The A/CA then issues instructions in writing allowing for the contractor to execute the instructions.

Structure, Physical Properties and Uses of Metals

Structure, Physical Properties and Uses of Metals Jason Thien FS Introduction Metals account for about two thirds of all the elements and about 24% of the mass of the planet. Metals have useful properties including strength, ductility, high melting points, thermal and electrical conductivity, and toughness. From the periodic table, it can be seen that a large number of the elements are classified as being a metal. Iron (Fe) The symbol for iron, Fe, comes from the Latin word Ferrum, and is one of the most useful elements in the world. Iron has: An atomic mass of 55.845 amu Melting point of 1535.0 degree Celsius Boiling point of 2750.0 degree celsius Electric configuration of [Ar] 3d6 4s2 Density of 7.86g/cm3 at 20 degree Celsius 26 number of electrons and protons and 30 neutrons Atomic structure of Iron Iron has a cubic crystal structure which is cubic body centered normally and it becomes cubic faced centered when heated up to between 1185K – 1667K. Uses of Iron Iron is the most used metal in the world due to being the fourth most abundant element in the Earth’s crust in addition to having high strength. It is also due to this which makes Iron having a lower cost than most metals in proportion to usefulness. Iron is ductile, relatively soft and a moderately good conductor of heat and electricity. It is used to make many things from screwdrivers to machine parts and automobiles to hulls of large ships. Iron can also be made into many useful compounds such as Iron Chloride, Iron Sulfate, Iron Hydroxide and steel. Iron can also be easily magnetized and lose it’s magnetism easily, making it suitable for making the core of an electromagnet. Copper (Cu) Copper comes from the Latin word cyprium. Copper has: An atomic mass of 63.546 amu Melting point of 1083.0 degree Celsius Boiling point of 2567.0 degree Celsius Electric configuration [Ar] 3d10 4s1 Density of 8.96g/cm3 at 20 degree Celsius 29 number of electrons and neutrons and 35 neutrons Copper has a cubic-faced centered structure in it’s crystal form. Uses of copper Copper is malleable, ductile and an excellent conductor of heat and electricity with only Silver having a higher electrical conductivity than copper. As a result of it’s excellent electrical conductivity properties, it is commonly used in electrical equipments such as wirings and motors. Copper is also used in roofing, guttering and rainspouts on buildings due to it’s slow corrosion rate. Many commercially important alloys such as brass and bronze contains copper. Furthermore, it can be used for many useful compounds such as copper sulfate and copper oxide. Copper is also an essential element in our body to help enzymes produce energy in cells. Aluminium (Al) Aluminium comes from the latin word alumen. Aluminium has: An atomic mass of 26.981 amu Melting point of 660.37 degree Celsius Boiling point of 2467.0 degree Celsius Electric configuration [Ne] 3s2 3p1 Density of 2.702g/cm3 at 20 degree Celsius 13 number of electrons and neutrons and 14 neutrons Aluminium has a face-centered cubic structure in it’s crystal form. Uses of aluminium Aluminium is a silvery-white metal. It is non-magnetic and an excellent conductor. As a result of it’s low density, low cost, thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance, aluminium is widely used around the world. It can also be easily cast, machined and formed. It is the second most malleable and sixth most ductile metal. Due to these properties, it is extensively used to make airplanes, outside building decoration and in any area where a strong and light material is needed. It also has no aroma compared to many metals therefore it is used for food packaging and cooking utensils. Although not as good as copper, Aluminium is still a good conductor of electricity. Because of this and also that it is heaper and lighter it is commonly used to make overhead power cables. Gold (Au) The symbol for gold, Au, comes from the Latin word aurum. Gold has: An atomic mass of 196.96 amu Melting point of 1064.43 degree Celsius Boiling point of 2807.0 degree Celsius Electric configuration [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1 Density of 19.32g/cm3 at 20 degree Celsius 79 number of electrons and neutrons and 118 neutrons Gold has a lattice faced centered structure in it’s crystal form. Uses of gold It is a soft, yellow metal with a beautiful lustrous sheen. It is the most malleable and ductile of all the elements and a single gram can be beaten into a one square meter sheet of gold leaf. Gold is widely used in jewelry and coinage. It is also used in dental work as crowns, as gold platings for decoration and as gold thread in embroidery work. Nearly 80% of all recycled or mined gold is intended for ornamental use. Many satellites carry gold-covered mylar sheets as a solar heat shield because gold is an excellent reflector of radiation and is unreactive. Gold is also widely used in microelectric circuits to ensure reliable, corrosion-resistant and static-free performance. Mercury (Hg) The symbol for mercury, Hg, comes from the Latin word Hydrargyrum. Mercury exists in the liquid state at room temperature. Mercury has: An atomic mass of 200.59 amu Melting point of -38.87 degree Celsius Boiling point of 356.58 degree Celsius Electric configuration [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 Density of 13.456g/cm3 at 20 degree Celsius 80 number of electrons and neutrons and 121 neutrons Mercury has a rhombohedral structure in it’s crystal form. Uses of Mercury Mercury is a dense, silvery-white, poisonous metal with a mirror like appearance. It is the only common metal to be in liquid state and evaporates slowly at room temperature. Mercury can readily form alloys (called amalgams) with other metals such as silver and gold. Since it does not react in iron, mercury is often stored in iron containers. Due to it’s high density, mercury is used in barometers and manometers. It is extensively used in thermometers thanks to it’s high rate of thermal expansion that is fairly constant over a wide temperature range. It’s ease with almagating with metals is made use of in extracting them from their ores. Mercury is widely used in advertising signs, mercury switches and other electrical apparatus. Various compounds of mercury are used in medicine, dentistry, cosmetics and also in agriculture to make fungicide. Platinum (Pt) The name Platinum comes from the Latin word Platina. Platinum has: An atomic mass of 195.078 amu Melting point of 1772.0 degree Celsius Boiling point of 3827 degree Celsius Electric configuration [Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1 Density of 21.45g/cm3 at 20 degree Celsius 78 number of electrons and neutrons and 117 neutrons Platinum has a face centered cubic structure in it’s crystal form. Uses of Platinum Platinum is a precious metal; soft, silvery-white, and dense with a beautiful lustrous sheen. It is malleable and ductile and has a high melting point. Platinum does not oxidize in air even in high temperatures and is unaffected by common acids. Platinum is widely used as a catalyst for chemical reactions with the most important use in vehicles as a catalytic converter. Platinum is also used in jewelry, decoration and dental work. The metal and it’s alloys are also used for electrical contacts, fine resistance wires and medical/laboratory instruments. It can also be used to make electrodes sealed in glass. Bibliography http://www.usesof.net/ http://www.chemicalelements.com/index.html http://www.lookchem.com/ http://www.rsc.org/ http://www.lenntech.com/index.htm 1 | Page

Censorship Essay -- essays research papers fc

Censorship The freedom to read is essential to the democratic way of life. But today, that freedom is under attack. Private groups and public authorities everywhere are working to remove both books and periodicals from sale, to exclude certain books from public schools, to censor and silence magazines and newspapers, and to limit "controversial" books and periodicals to the general public. The suppression of reading materials is suppression of creative thought. Books and periodicals are not the only ones being suppressed by pressures to the political and social systems. They are also being brought against the educational system, films, radio, television, and against the graphic and theatre arts. However or whenever these attacks occur, they usually fall at least one of the following categories: Religion War & Peace (Violence) Sociology & Race Language Drugs Sex Inappropriate Adolescent Behaviour What is Obscenity? Clearly something hard to talk about constructively. "Obscenity" is difficult to discuss honestly. After all, what makes a thing obscene? It is Something too vague perhaps to be defined. It's an elusive term we use, but can't explain. Different people often see things differently. Some see obscenity in nude pictures, statues, paintings, etc. While others find less obscenity in these things. All the same, "obscene" isn't the same as "wrong" or "bad". Clearly obscenity is not identical with evil. It only covers a single segment of it. But what is that segment? A look at the words "obscenity" and "pornography" suggests that it is a segment that didn't worry people very much till relatively recently. Though censorship was known in english law quite early on, it wasn't for obscenity but for heresy and sedition."Undue" exploitation of sex" is what criminal law in Canada prohibits. This is how criminal law defines obscenity. But it is rather vague. It doesn't differentiate between "ordinary obscenity" and "hard-core pornography." The first denoting the ordinary run of "girlie magazines and the second denoting pictures , literature and so on that deal with rape, sadism, masochism, bestiality, necrophilia and other perversions. People tend to object far more to "hard-core pornography." Another distinction unfortunately overlo... ...m that mainly frowns upon the violence against women. There should indeed be access to most types of literature, but in varying degrees of freedom, determined not by censorship, but by controlled access. Parents are trying to protect their children from the harsh realities of life, but are they really helping, or hindering? Bibliography The Censorship Iceberg: The results of a survey of challenges in school and public libraries. By Dr. David Jenkins. School Libraries in Canada. Fall, 1985. v.6 n.1 p19-22 Sanitized textbooks reflect a pious paradise that never was. By June Callwood. The Globe and Mail. March 18, 1987. pA2-A3 Suffer the little children. By Janet Collins. Books in Canada. October 1991. v.20 n.7 p25-27 Court bans 'humanist' books from Alabama public schools. By Robin Toner. The Globe and Mail. March 5, 1987. pA10 Censorship in the children's library. By Rupert Colley. The Junior Bookshelf. June 1990. v.54 n.3 p121-123 Censorship News. Spring 1985. n20 Limits of criminal law - obscenity: a test case. By The Law Reform Commission: working paper no. 10. p7-9 Censorship: stopping the book banners. By the book and periodical development council. August 1988. p1-17

Asthma Case Study

University of Perpetual Help System – DALTA Alabang – Zapote Road, Pamplona, Las Pinas City College of Nursing A Case Study of Bronchial Asthma In Acute Exacerbation (BAIAE) Submitted by: Angela Marie Ferrer BSN 3B July 17, 2012 Definition A condition of the lungs characterized by widespread narrowing of the airways due to spasm of the smooth muscle, edema of the mucosa, and the presence of mucus in the lumen of the bronchi and bronchioles.Bronchial asthma is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disorder with increased responsiveness of tracheobroncheal tree to various stimuli, resulting in paroxysmal contraction of bronchial airways which changes in severity over short periods of time, either spontaneously or under treatment. Causes Allergy is the strongest predisposing factor for asthma. Chronic exposure to airway irritants or allergens can be seasonal such as grass, tree and weed pollens or perennial under this are the molds, dust and roaches.Common triggers of asthma sy mptoms and exacerbations include air way irritants like air pollutant, cold, heat, weather changes, strong odors and perfumes. Other contributing factor would include exercise, stress or emotional upset, sinusitis with post nasal drip, medications and viral respiratory tract infections. Most people who have asthma are sensitive to a variety of triggers.A person’s asthma changes depending on the environment activities, management practices and other factor. Factors that can contribute to asthma or airway hyperreactivity may include any of the following: * Environmental allergens: House dust mites, animal allergens (especially cat and dog), cockroach allergens, and fungi are most commonly reported. * Viral respiratory tract infections * Exercise; hyperventilation * Gastroesophageal reflux disease * Chronic sinusitis or rhinitis Aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) hypersensitivity, sulfite sensitivity * Use of beta-adrenergic receptor blockers (including ophth almic preparations) * Obesity: Based on a prospective cohort study of 86,000 patients, those with an elevated body mass index are more likely to have asthma. * Environmental pollutants, tobacco smoke * Occupational exposure * Irritants (eg, household sprays, paint fumes) * Various high and low molecular weight compounds: A variety of high and low molecular weight compounds are associated with the development of occupational asthma, such as insects, plants, latex, gums, diisocyanates, anhydrides, wood dust * Emotional factors or stress * Perinatal factors: Prematurity and increased maternal age increase the risk for asthma * Breastfeeding has not been definitely shown to be protective. * Both maternal smoking and prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke also increase the risk of developing asthma Clinical ManifestationThe three most common symptoms of asthma are cough, dyspnea, and wheezing. In some instances cough may be the only symptoms. An asthma attack often occurs at night or early i n the morning, possibly because circadian variations that influence airway receptors thresholds. An asthma exacerbation may begin abruptly but most frequently is preceded by increasing symptoms over the previous few days. There is cough, with or without mucus production. At times the mucus is so tightly wedged in the narrow airway that the patient cannot cough it up.Prevention Patient with recurrent asthma should undergo test to identify the substance that participate the symptoms. Patients are instructed to avoid the causative agents whenever possible. Knowledge is the key to quality asthma care. Medical Management There are two general process of asthma medication: quick relief medication for immediate treatment of asthma symptoms and exacerbations and long acting medication to achieve and maintain control and persistent asthma.Because of underlying pathology of asthma is inflammation, control of persistent asthma is accomplish primarily with the regular use of anti inflammatory m edications. * Long-acting control Medication Corticosteroid are the most potent and effective anti inflammatory currently available. They are broadly effective in alleviating symptoms, improving air way functions, and decreasing peak flow variability. Cromolyn sodium and nedocromil are mild to be moderate anti-inflammatory agents that are use more commonly in children.They also are effective on a prophylactic basis to prevent exercise-induced asthma or unavoidable exposure to known triggers. These medications are contraindicated in acute asthma exacerbation. `Long acting beta-adrenergic agonist is use with anti-inflammatory medications to control asthma symptoms, particularly those that occur during the night these agents are also effective in the prevention of exercise-induced asthma. * Quick relief medication Short acting beta adrenergic agonists are the medications of choice for relief of acute symptoms and prevention of exercise-induced asthma.They have the rapid onset of acton. Anti-cholinergic may have an added benefit in severe exacerbations of asthma but they are use more frequently in COPD. Nursing Management The main focus of nursing management is to actively assess the air way and the patient response to treatment. The immediate nursing care of patient with asthma depends on the severity of the symptoms. A calm approach is an important aspect of care especially for anxious client and one’s family. This requires a partnership between the patient and the health care providers to determine the desire outcome and to formulate a plan which include; * the purpose and action of each medication * trigger to avoid and how to do so * when to seek assistance the nature of asthma as chronic inflammatory disease Anatomy and Physiology The upper respiratory tract consists of the nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and epiglottis. The lower respiratory tract consist of the bronchi, bronchioles and the lungs.The major function of the respiratory system is to deliver oxygen to arterial blood and remove carbon dioxide from venous blood, a process known as gas exchange. The normal gas exchange depends on three process: * Ventilation – is movement of gases from the atmosphere into and out of the lungs. This is accomplished through the mechanical acts of inspiration and expiration. * Diffusion – is a movement of inhaled gases in the alveoli and across the alveolar capillary membrane * Perfusion – is movement of oxygenated blood from the lungs to the tissues.Control of gas exchange – involves neural and chemical process The neural system, composed of three parts located in the pons, medulla and spinal cord, coordinates respiratory rhythm and regulates the depth of respirations The chemical processes perform several vital functions such as: * regulating alveolar ventilation by maintaining normal blood gas tension * guarding against hypercapnia (excessive CO2 in the blood) as well as hypoxia (reduced tissue oxy genation caused by decreased arterial oxygen [PaO2]. An increase in arterial CO2 (PaCO2) stimulates ventilation; conversely, a decrease in PaCO2 inhibits ventilation. helping to maintain respirations (through peripheral chemoreceptors) when hypoxia occurs. The normal functions of respiration O2 and CO2 tension and chemoreceptors are similar in children and adults. however, children respond differently than adults to respiratory disturbances; major areas of difference include: * Poor tolerance of nasal congestion, especially in infants who are obligatory nose breathers up to 4 months of age * Increased susceptibility to ear infection due to shorter, broader, and more horizontally positioned eustachian tubes. Increased severity or respiratory symptoms due to smaller airway diameters * A total body response to respiratory infection, with such symptoms as fever, vomiting and diarrhea. Diagnostic procedures: * General Physical Examination * Skin: * Observe for the presence of atopic derm atitis, eczema, or other manifestations of allergic skin conditions * Evidence of respiratory distress manifests as * increased respiratory rate, * increased heart rate, * diaphoresis, and * use of accessory muscles of respiration. * Marked weight loss or severe wasting may indicate severe emphysema. * Pulsus paradoxus: * This is an exaggerated fall in systolic blood pressure during inspiration and may occur during an acute asthma exacerbation. * Depressed sensorium: * This finding suggests a more severe asthma exacerbation with impending respiratory failure. * Chest Examination * End-expiratory wheezing or a prolonged expiratory phase is found most commonly, although inspiratory wheezing can be heard. * Diminished breath sounds and chest hyperinflation (especially in children)  may be observed during acute asthma exacerbations. The presence of inspiratory wheezing or stridor may prompt an evaluation for an upper airway obstruction such as vocal cord dysfunction, vocal cord paraly sis, thyroid enlargement, or a soft tissue mass (eg, malignant tumor). * Differential Diagnoses * Airway Foreign Body Heart Failure Allergic and Environmental Asthma Pulmonary Embolism Alpha1-Antitrypsin Deficiency Pulmonary Eosinophilia Aspergillosis Sarcoidosis Bronchiectasis Sinusitis, Chronic * Bronchiolitis Tracheomalacia COPD URTI Churg-Strauss Syndrome Vocal Cord Dysfunction Cystic Fibrosis Foreign Body Aspiration Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Laboratory Studies * Blood eosinophilia greater than 4% or 300-400/ µL * Eosinophil counts greater than 8% may be observed in patients with concomitant atopic dermatitis. * This finding should prompt an evaluation for allergic  bronchopulmonary aspergillosis,  Churg-Strauss syndrome, or  eosinophilic pneumonia * Total serum immunoglobulin E levels greater than 100 IU are frequently observed in patients experiencing allergic reactions, but this finding is not specific for asthma * British Thoracic Society recommends using sputu m eosinophilia determinations to guide therapy Imaging Studies In most patients with asthma, chest radiography findings are normal or may indicate hyperinflation. * Chest radiography should be considered in all patients being evaluated for asthma to exclude other diagnoses. * Sinus CT scanning may be useful to help exclude acute or chronic sinusitis as a contributing factor.. Pulmonary function testing (spirometry) * Spirometry assessments  should be obtained as the primary test to establish the asthma diagnosis. * Spirometry should be performed prior o initiating treatment in order to establish the presence and determine the severity of baseline airway obstruction. * The assessment and diagnosis of asthma cannot be based on spirometry findings alone because many other diseases are associated with obstructive spirometry indices. * Spirometry measures the forced vital capacity (FVC), the maximal amount of air expired from the point of maximal inhalation, and the FEV1. A reduced rat io of FEV1 to FVC, when compared with predicted values, demonstrates the presence of airway obstruction. Optimally, the initial spirometry should also include  measurements before and after inhalation of a short-acting bronchodilator in all patients in whom the diagnosis of asthma is considered. * Reversibility is demonstrated by an increase of 12%  and 200 mL after the administration of a short-acting bronchodilator Methacholine- or histamine-challenge testing * Bronchoprovocation testing with either methacholine or histamine is useful when spirometry findings are normal or near normal, especially in patients with intermittent or exercise-induced asthma symptoms. Bronchoprovocation testing helps determine if airway hyperreactivity is present, and a negative test result usually excludes the diagnosis of asthma. * Methacholine is administered in incremental doses up to a maximum dose of 16 mg/mL, and a 20% decrease in FEV1, up to the 4 mg/mL level, is considered a positive test r esult for the presence of bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Peak-flow monitoring * Peak-flow monitoring is designed for ongoing monitoring of patients with asthma because the test is simple to perform and the results are a quantitative and reproducible measure of airflow obstruction. It can be used for short-term monitoring, exacerbation management, and daily long-term monitoring. * Peak-flow monitoring should not be used as a substitute for spirometry to establish the initial diagnosis of asthma. * Results can be used to determine the severity of an exacerbation and to help guide therapeutic decisions as part of an asthma action plan. Exercise testing * Testing involves 6-10 minutes of strenuous exertion at 85-90% of predicted maximal heart rate and measurement of postexercise spirometry for 15-30 minutes. The defined cutoff for a positive test result is a 15% decrease in FEV1 after exercise. Eucapnic hyperventilation * Eucapnic hyperventilation with either cold or dry air is an alter nate method of bronchoprovocation testing. * It has been used to evaluate patients for exercise-induced asthma and has been shown to produce results similar to those of methacholine-challenge asthma testing. I. LABORATORY WORKS NAME OF TEST| NORMALVALUE| RESULTS| SIGNIFICANCE| Complete Blood CountPurpose: CBC is ordered to aid in the detection of anemias; hydration status; and as part of routine hospital admission test.The differential WBC is necessary for determining the type of infection. | RBC: 4-6 x 10/LHct: 0. 37- 0. 47Hgb: 110- 160 gm/LWBC: 5-10 x 10 /LLymphocytes:0. 25-0. 35Segmenters: 0. 50-0. 65Eosinophil: 0. 01-0. 06| 5. 480. 481598. 20. 250. 580. 07| Increased segmenters (mature neutrophils) reflect a bacterial infection since this are the body’s first line of defense against acute bacterial invasion. Lymphocytes are decreased during early acute bacterial infection and only increase late in bacterial infections but continue to function during the chronic phase. | I I. DRUG STUDYName of the drug | Classification | Dosage/ Frequency | Route | Mechanism of Action | Indication | Nursing Responsibilities | Generic name:Duavent ( ipratropium salbutamol) Brand name:DuaNeb | Salbutamol Sulfate| Nebule q 1 hour| Oral nebulization | The combination of ipratropium and albuterol is used to prevent wheezing, difficulty breathing, chest tightness, and coughing. | Management of reversible bronchospasms associated with obstructive airway diseases, bronchial asthma| Take care to ensure that the nebulizer mask fits the user's face properly and that nebulized solution does not escape into the eyes. * Evaluate therapeutic response. |

Importance of Roleplay in Teaching English

http://busyteacher. org/7371-10-roleplay-ideas-for-general-english. html Role plays are an excellent way of getting your students to practise their English. They simulate real life situations and allow them to act out what they would do in a real situation. There are two ways a role play can go: scripted and non-scripted. With a scripted role play, the teacher might use an example in a text book. This is a good idea for a warm up exercise, by getting everyone to split up into pairs and allow them to speak to their partner, taking on different roles.Non-scripted ones are when students are given a role each and must use whatever knowledge they have in order to speak with that partner. Below is a list of ideas for a general English class. This can be adapted to suit a situation. Try These Fresh Role Play Activities With Your Class 1 Telephone Conversation Speaking on the phone is different to a face-to-face conversation because one relies solely on language to communicate. Get the stude nts who are practicing to sit back to back in order for this to work properly. There is a whole range of ideas which one can use to act this out.Examples include: phoning to make a complaint, speaking to a friend or inquiring about a job position. 2 Going to the Shop A great one for younger learners as it will teach them the basics of interacting with people. Children generally rely on their parents to buy things for them, therefore this will boost their overall general confidence in buying. It can be as simple or as complex as one wishes, depending on the situation. Key phrases are often important here, such as â€Å"I would like†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"How much are†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Good morning†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and so forth. 3 Booking a Hotel This will allow students to practise a specific type of language.Usually this will be formal language as it is a business conversation. This can also be done in the format of a telephone conversation, or it could be someone approaching a text. There is a wide range of opportunity here for the students to learn new forms of vocabulary. 4 Sharing Opinions Choose a topic that everyone appears to be interested in. Get the students to pair up and give them a list of questions to follow (for example, see our ‘130 Topics for Discussion (more than 2000 questions) For Any Level’). This will allow them to come up with their own phrases and use language in a much more practical way. Job Interview Work is usually a good topic to begin with when teaching adults. Many are learning English in order to improve their career prospects. As a result, a job interview role play is an excellent way to get the class learning that all important material. Again, this can be scripted or non-scripted. A good idea would be to have the interviewer have a list of set questions, and the students can take it from there. 6 Getting Everyone to Speak A traditional method is to ask the class to pair off. Of course, one cannot monitor every stud ent particularly if the class is quite large.Therefore, it is important to make sure everyone is speaking and getting the most out of the language they know. If one has time, have each individual group come up to the top of the class and speak in front of everyone else. This will allow people to use their language more creatively. 7 Argument Between Neighbours Again, this is a new opportunity for learning different types of vocabulary. This could be between two neighbours who are having an argument. Perhaps one plays music too loudly in the middle of the night and is disturbing the rest of the apartment block.This can be as absurd or ridiculous as the students’ want, as long as they are speaking and using the language correctly. Some of the situations thought up can be quite amusing. See some suggested situations here: â€Å"Neighbour Problems Role Play†. 8 Body Language Body language is just as important as spoken language, so in their role plays try and let the stude nts get into the role. Of course, one does not have to be an expert at acting but it is important for them to get a feel of the flow of the conversation. Using body language effectively will allow them to become a lot more in tune with the language they are using. Debate Debates are a brilliant way of encouraging language use. This is because they can become somewhat heated, and many new words can come up. It is important to choose a topic which might not be too controversial to some students. Remember to be sensitive to their age group and the general attitude of the particular country. Divide the class into two sides and give them each a side of an argument to defend. 10 Have Fun When it comes to role plays, it is all about the creative use of language. The student must put what they know to the test.This doesn’t mean they have to list off a boring dialogue. Allow them to be as creative as they can. Put them into challenging situations, and this will allow them to think of new ways of saying things. Role plays can work as a great ice breaker for the beginning of the class. Always remember to be sensitive to any particular issues at the time, however, and be wary of the students’ age. Usually, the likes of filing a complaint will not really be of interest to children. Once the students are having fun and speaking English, there are no limits to their own learning!

Free Essays on Webmaster Interview

I. Job Description A. As a web page designer is your job the creation of web pages and images or does your current job involve more than that? 1. What programs do you use to develop the pages? 2. Do you alternate ways to design? B. The internet keeps evolving as we speak, though so far HTML has been the standard format for web design, are you currently using a more advanced version? 1. Do you think it’s useful to train in it now as a college student? 2. If so, do you think it be outdated by my graduation time? C. According to the Career Outlook Handbook web designer need some Script and UNIX knowledge aside from the basic HTML, how often do you use these programs? 1. Was training provided for these programs at work? 2. Do these program make web design trouble-free? II. Entrance Requirement and Training A. College education is known to be the best training for most career fields, is this true in the field of web design since it is such a fast paced field? 1. Do you think that a technical school or ongoing workshops is a better way to train? 2. Instead of college would you consider self-training? B. Unlike some other jobs, curriculum is not the a major requirement to obtaining a web designing job, what were the essentials while you were seeking for a job in this field? 1. When going for the job, did you present a portfolio? 2. What are the pros and cons of a college education in the field? C. Who do you think would be most likely to get a job in the field right now, as we speak, someone with a college degree in a computer related field, or someone with past experience and a vast portfolio? 1. What type of work would be clever to have in a portfolio? 2. Do you think a portfolio is the number one priority for this job? III. Work Environment A. It has been reported by the US Department of Labor that most web designers are self employed, few are employed by big corporate businesses, which work environ... Free Essays on Webmaster Interview Free Essays on Webmaster Interview I. Job Description A. As a web page designer is your job the creation of web pages and images or does your current job involve more than that? 1. What programs do you use to develop the pages? 2. Do you alternate ways to design? B. The internet keeps evolving as we speak, though so far HTML has been the standard format for web design, are you currently using a more advanced version? 1. Do you think it’s useful to train in it now as a college student? 2. If so, do you think it be outdated by my graduation time? C. According to the Career Outlook Handbook web designer need some Script and UNIX knowledge aside from the basic HTML, how often do you use these programs? 1. Was training provided for these programs at work? 2. Do these program make web design trouble-free? II. Entrance Requirement and Training A. College education is known to be the best training for most career fields, is this true in the field of web design since it is such a fast paced field? 1. Do you think that a technical school or ongoing workshops is a better way to train? 2. Instead of college would you consider self-training? B. Unlike some other jobs, curriculum is not the a major requirement to obtaining a web designing job, what were the essentials while you were seeking for a job in this field? 1. When going for the job, did you present a portfolio? 2. What are the pros and cons of a college education in the field? C. Who do you think would be most likely to get a job in the field right now, as we speak, someone with a college degree in a computer related field, or someone with past experience and a vast portfolio? 1. What type of work would be clever to have in a portfolio? 2. Do you think a portfolio is the number one priority for this job? III. Work Environment A. It has been reported by the US Department of Labor that most web designers are self employed, few are employed by big corporate businesses, which work environ...

What is happiness to you Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

What is happiness to you - Essay Example onio Rangel in 2008, money increases happiness as the people with a higher expense and expenditure lived a more happy life as compared to those who wanted to save cost. The group taking expensive wine was happier compared to the group taking less expensive wine. This means that happiness is all about money and if one spends more on someone they care for, they will be happy. Most people treasure good and expensive things that can only be bought with money in the materialistic world we live in today. There are some many destitute families in the world mostly in the developing countries, through charity these families can be helped using money thus making them happy. Happiness is based on what one acquires and achieves, hence money is happiness as it enables people acquire what they want. In addition, happiness can be hinged on having good relationship with members of the family and the community as well. Family is a main contributing factor for one to be happy, as through the it, one is able to get solace in times of grief. Family provides some form of emotional support to each other thus contributing towards one’s happiness. Through family come together, there is a lot of sharing among family members which leads to happiness. Through sharing about past experiences, members of the family are able to reminisce about good memories they shared at earlier stages of life. This feeling provides happiness as they tend to reflect how their past had been hence forgetting current bad happenings hence emotional satisfaction and happiness (Lulu, 116). Conventional implicit policy to my assumption has a strong relationship between happiness and family through equation with social well-being. The importance of additional family policy has an indication well-being emotionally in a state of happiness in connection to families at the level of psychology hence provide a better comprehensive understanding of a person’s well happiness and well-being. Family relations to me seem to

Position Paper - Vygotsky Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Position Paper - Vygotsky - Essay Example This concept is based on the idea that â€Å"cultural inheritance is carried in the meanings of artifacts and practices. Resources of knowledge and skill brought to a situation depend upon the past participation of the individual within the culture. Resources are dependent upon culture, also the stage of human development† (Golbfarb, 2000). In discovering how people learn and develop, Vygotsky suggested that children develop and gain control of their thought processes through the use of artifacts, one of the most important being the artifact of language, becoming increasingly able to incorporate their potential into inherent ability through zones of proximal development. This development takes place through various means, one of the most important being creative imitation of others. A second important means through which children develop control over their mental processes is through play and interaction with others. These theories have significant impacts upon how best to ins truct students attempting to learn a second language and attain some degree of mastery. To understand how this might be so, it is necessary to understand the importance of language in formulating thought and definition which is itself essential in bridging zones of proximal development (ZPD) to formulate true and lasting learning and development. One of the fundamental building blocks to Vygotsky’s theory is contained in the concept that individuals are only able to gain control over their naturally biologically endowed brains through the power of social and cultural means. â€Å"Thus, there is a tension, or as Vygotsky characterized it, ‘a drama’, between our natural inheritance and our sociocultural inheritance, and it is in this drama that we develop† (Lantolf, 2003: 350). The primary means of this mediation between the biological and the social or cultural is through the media of symbolic artifacts. In other words, humans understand the world around